When a liquid is in a closed container under pressure, each particle gets pushed against by all the surrounding particles. For example, when a solid vertical bar is supporting an overhead weight, each particle in the bar pushes on the particles immediately below it. Stress expresses the internal forces that neighbouring particles of a continuous material exert on each other, while strain is the measure of the deformation of the material. Therefore, stress is measured in newton per square meter (N/m 2) or pascal (Pa). The greater this force and the smaller the cross-sectional area of the body on which it acts, the greater the stress. It results when forces like tension or compression act on a body. But, when the forces result in the compression of an object, it is called compressive stress. When an object is pulled apart by a force it will cause elongation which is also known as deformation, like the stretching of an elastic band, it is called tensile stress. Stress is defined as force per unit area. It is a quantity that describes the magnitude of forces that cause deformation. In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity.
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